Science of Same Sex Procreation
Same sex procreation is safest and most likely when it comes as close to existing human reproductive processes which rely on sperm and eggs. This suggests two new medical pathways, female sperm and male eggs. While a bit of information is provided on human male eggs, it is questionable if a viable human egg can exist with an X and Y chromosome - i.e., do human eggs need two X chromosomes to function? Female sperm is a more likely prospect, because men already have sperm with either an X or Y chromosome. Female sperm then requires incorporating a woman's X chromosome into the body of a sperm.
- Color illustration of female sperm making procress
- How to make female sperm
- How to make male eggs
- Adding X and Y chromosomes to human cells
- Epigenetics: the key to female sperm
- Ancient Greek science and a New Testament error and lie involving female sperm
The following animations will help you understand the basic processes for making sperm (spermatogenesis) and eggs (oogenesis) in humans. Two important sub-processes are the two main forms of cellular division: mitosis and meiosis. In the animations that follow, spermatogonia are male diploid germ cells that are used in the first step of making male sperm. Creating a female diploid germ cell in a male-like condition is the first step in creating female sperm.
- Animation about making sperm (Flash)
- Animation about final stages of making sperm (Flash)
- Animation about making an egg (Flash)
- Animation about final stages of making eggs (Flash)
- Mitotis - first stage of making sperm and eggs (Flash)
- Meiosis - second stage of making sperm and eggs (Flash)
- Animation comparing the making of sperm (spermatogenesis) and eggs (oogenesis) (Flash)
- Decent animations for germ cell migration, and ovary formation from initially sexless gonad, and testis formation from initially sexless gonad, and sperm penetration, and pronucleus fusion
Some useful online texts for mitosis, meiosis, and making sperm and eggs.
- NIH Guide to mitosis and meiosis
- NIH guide to the male reproductive system
- NIH guide to the female reproductive system
Some key patents or patent applications for same-sex procreation.
- 1994 - Brinster's patent for engineering male (and maybe female) sperm production
- 2002 - West's patent application to create sex-reversed clones, indirectly creating female sperm or male eggs
- 2003 - Dobrinski's patent application for transplanting human testicle tissue into mice, which can be used for growing female sperm
- 2004 - Kono's patent application for combining two mouse eggs to produce a daughter mouse.
- 2007 - Aharonian's patent application for creating female sperm